围手术期乳腺癌患者社会支持状态及相关因素的调查研究

目的:调查围手术期乳腺癌患者社会支持状态及其相关因素,分析影响围手术期乳腺癌患者的促进和阻碍因素,为提高围手术期乳腺癌患者社会支持状态提供理论基础。方法:自2012年1~6月对在哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院普外八病房进行手术治疗的96例乳腺癌患者进行问卷调查,调查内容为自制调查问卷,主要包括患者的社会支持状态、焦虑及一般人口学资料。结果:围手术期乳腺癌患者社会支持得分为(69.49±7.43)分,状态焦虑得分为(41.61±12.01)分,特质焦虑得分为(41.07±11.81)分,Pearson相关分析结果显示,社会支持与特质焦虑呈负相关,一般人口学资料中社会支持的影响因素有家庭经济状况和教育程度。结论:围手术期乳腺癌患者社会支持处于高支持状态,经济状况较好、教育程度高的乳腺癌患者其社会支持水平较高,医护人员可以通过降低患者焦虑水平,提高其社会支持水平,以促进疾病的康复。

The Survey Research of Social Support and the Correlation Factors in Patients with Cancer in Perioperation

Objective:To investigate the level of social support of patients with breast cancer in perioperation, and to analysis factors endangering and engendering the social support.Methods:96 inpatients from the second affiliated hospital of Harbin Medical University were recruited and completed the questionnaires including Perceived Social Support Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and a demographic form.Results:The average score of social support, state anxiety and trait anxiety was (69.49± 7.43), (41.61± 12.01), (41.07± 11.81), respectively. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that trait anxiety had negative correlation with social support. The one-way ANOVA showed that economic status and educational level were the influencing factors of social support.Conclusion:The level of social support in patients with breasrt cancer in perioperation was high. The higher economic status and educational level, the higher level of social support the patients suffered. The healthcare professionals should pay more attention to diminish the anxiety of patients and offer useful social support to promote the patients'' rehabilitation.