Effects of dietary protein of Korean foxtail millet on plasma adiponectin, HDL-cholesterol, and insulin levels in genetically type 2 diabetic mice

We examined the effects of intake of Korean foxtail millet protein (FMP) on plasma levels of lipid, glucose, insulin, and adiponectin in genetically type 2 diabetic KK-Ay mice. When mice were fed a normal FMP diet or a high-fat-high-sucrose diet containing FMP for 3 weeks, in both experiments plasma concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol) and adiponectin increased remarkably in comparison with a casein diet group, whereas concentrations of insulin decreased greatly and that of plasma glucose was comparable to that in the casein diet group. Considering the role of adiponectin, insulin, and HDL-cholesterol in diabetes, atherosclerosis, and obesity, it appears likely that FMP may improve insulin sensitivity and cholesterol metabolism through an increase in adiponectin concentration. Therefore, FMP would serve as another beneficial food component in obesity-related diseases such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.