Influence of straw types and nitrogen sources on mushroom composting emissions and compost productivity |
| |
Authors: | Noble R Hobbs P J Mead A Dobrovin-Pennington A |
| |
Institution: | (1) Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Horticulture Research International, Wellesbourne, Warwick, CV35 9EF, UK, GB;(2) Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, North Wyke, Okehampton, Devon, EX20 2SB, UK, GB;(3) Biometrics Department, Horticulture Research International, Wellesbourne, Warwick, CV35 9EF, UK, GB |
| |
Abstract: | The effects of different straw types and organic and inorganic nitrogen (N) sources on the chemical composition and odor concentration
(OC) of mushroom composting emissions, compost parameters, and mushroom yield were examined using bench-scale and large-scale
(windrows and aerated tunnels) composting systems. There were close correlations between the butanol or combined H2S+dimethyl sulfide (DMS) concentration and OC of air samples taken from different composting ingredients (r=0.83 and 0.76–0.87, P<0.01, for loge-transformed data). Differences in N availability, in terms of NH3 and N losses during composting, were found between different N sources. Materials in which the N was less available (chipboard
and digester wastes, cocoa shells, ammonium sulfate) produced lower mushroom yields than materials in which the N was more
readily available (poultry manure, urea, brewers' grains, hop and molasses wastes, cocoa meal). Replacement of poultry manure
with the other N sources at 50–100% or wheat straw with rape, bean, or linseed straw in aerated tunnel or windrow composts
reduced the OC and emissions of odorous sulfur-containing compounds, but also reduced yield. Urea and cocoa meal may be suitable
for “low odor” prewetting of straw, with addition of poultry manure immediately before aerated tunnel composting. Rape straw
in compost reduces the formation of anaerobic zones and resulting odorous emissions, since it maintains its structure and
porosity better than wheat straw. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2002) 29, 99–110 doi:10.1038/sj.jim.7000292
Received 08 January 2002/ Accepted in revised form 20 June 2002 |
| |
Keywords: | : mushroom compost straw nitrogen sources odor emissions |
本文献已被 PubMed SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|