Glioma models |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Neurological Surgery Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA;2. Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA;1. Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA;2. Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA;1. Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany;2. Heidelberg Ion Therapy Center, Heidelberg, Germany;3. DKFZ Clinical Cooperation Unit Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg, Germany;1. Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA;2. Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA;3. Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA;1. Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA;2. Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA;3. Sema4, A Mount Sinai venture, Stamford, CT, USA;4. Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA;5. Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA;6. The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA |
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| Abstract: | Gliomas are primary central nervous system tumors that arise from astrocytes, oligodendrocytes or their precursors. Gliomas can be classified into several groups according to their histologic characteristics, the most malignant of the gliomas is glioblastoma multiforme. In contrast to the long-standing and well-defined histopathology, the underlying molecular and genetic bases for gliomas are only just emerging. Many genetic alterations have been identified in human gliomas, however, establishing unequivocal correlation between these genetic alterations and gliomagenesis requires accurate animal models for this disease. Here we are reviewing the existing animal models for gliomas with different strategies and our current knowledge on the important issues about this disease, such as activation of signal transduction pathways, disruption of cell cycle arrest pathways, cell-of-origin of gliomas, and therapeutic strategies. |
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