X-ray structures of two xanthine inhibitors bound to PEPCK and N-3 modifications of substituted 1,8-dibenzylxanthines

The analysis of the X-ray structures of two xanthine inhibitors bound to PEPCK and a comparison to the X-ray structure of GTP bound to PEPCK are reported. The SAR at N-1, N-7 and developing SAR at C-8 are consistent with information gained from the X-ray structures of compounds 1 and 2 bound to PEPCK. Representative N-3 modifications of compound 2 that led to the discovery of 3-cyclopropylmethyl and its carboxy analogue as optimal N-3 groups are presented.