The venom and venom apparatus of the sea snake Lapemis hardwicki Gray |
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| Authors: | BRUCE W. HALSTEAD PAUL C. ENGEN ANTHONY T. TU |
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| Affiliation: | International Biotoxicological Center, World Life Research Institute, Colton, California 92324, U.S.A.;Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Lorna Linda, California, U.S.A.;Department of Biochemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521, U.S.A. |
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| Abstract: | The venom apparatus of Lapemis hardwicki , consisting of two functional fangs, their venom glands, and associated musculature, are described. The yield of venom per snake ranged from 2.4-5.2 mg. The LD50 of the crude venom varied from 0.7-1.4 mg/kg intravenously in mice. The toxicological, chemical and immunological properties of the venom are discussed. |
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| Keywords: | sea snake venom venom apparatus Lapemis hardwicki Hydrophiidae |
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