The relationship between adiposopathy and glucose-insulin homeostasis is not affected by moderate-intensity aerobic training in healthy women with obesity |
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| Authors: | Andrée-Anne Clément Eléonor Riesco Sébastien Tessier Michel Lacaille Francine Pérusse Mélanie Coté Jean-Pierre Després John Weisnagel Jean Doré Denis R Joanisse Pascale Mauriège |
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| Institution: | 1.Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine,Laval University,Québec,Canada;2.Québec Heart and Lung University Research Centre,Québec,Canada;3.Faculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, and Research Centre on Aging,CIUSSS de l’Estrie – CHUS,Sherbrooke,Canada;4.Institut National de Santé Publique,Québec,Canada;5.Lipid Research Centre,Centre Hospitalier de l’Université Laval (CHUL),Québec,Canada;6.Diabetes Research Unit,Centre Hospitalier de l’Université Laval (CHUL),Québec,Canada |
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| Abstract: | The contribution of adiposopathy to glucose-insulin homeostasis remains unclear. This longitudinal study examined the potential relationship between the adiponectin/leptin ratio (A/L, a marker of adiposopathy) and insulin resistance (IR: homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)), insulin sensitivity (IS: Matsuda), and insulin response to an oral glucose tolerance test before and after a 16-week walking program, in 29 physically inactive pre- and postmenopausal women with obesity (BMI, 29–35 kg/m2; age, 47–54 years). Anthropometry, body composition, VO2max, and fasting lipid-lipoprotein and inflammatory profiles were assessed. A/L was unchanged after training (p =?0.15), despite decreased leptin levels (p <?0.05). While the Matsuda index tended to increase (p =?0.07), HOMA decreased (p <?0.05) and fasting insulin was reduced (p <?0.01) but insulin area under the curve (AUC) remained unchanged (p =?0.18) after training. Body fatness and VO2max were improved (p <?0.05) while triacylglycerols increased and HDL-CHOL levels decreased after training (p <?0.05). At baseline, A/L was positively associated with VO2max, HDL-CHOL levels, and Matsuda (0.37?< ρ <?0.56; p <?0.05) but negatively with body fatness, HOMA, insulin AUC, IL-6, and hs-CRP levels (??0.41?< ρ <???0.66; p <?0.05). After training, associations with fitness, HOMA, and inflammation were lost. Multiple regression analysis revealed A/L as an independent predictor of IR and IS, before training (partial R2 =?0.10 and 0.22), although A/L did not predict the insulin AUC pre- or post-intervention. A significant correlation was found between training-induced changes to A/L and IS (r =?0.38; p <?0.05) but not with IR or insulin AUC. Although changes in the A/L ratio could not explain improvements to glucose-insulin homeostasis indices following training, a relationship with insulin sensitivity was revealed in healthy women with obesity. |
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