重组杆状病毒：一种新型哺乳动物细胞基因转移载体

昆虫杆状病毒表达载体系统已广泛应用于表达重组蛋白。近年来研究显示，含有哺乳动物细胞启动子元件的重组杆状病毒可有效地转导多种哺乳动物原代和传代细胞。借助于杆状病毒载体，已成功实现了外源基因在哺乳动物细胞内的瞬时或稳定表达；而在体内，杆状病毒可被血清中的补体成份所灭活，从而抑制了转导效率，但是通过对杆状病毒进行修饰（如伪型杆状病毒），可以抵抗补体的灭活作用。研究人员对杆状病毒转导机制进行了探索，但是至今尚未完全弄清。杆状病毒基因转移系统最大特点是，杆状病毒能在昆虫细胞内大量繁殖，而不能在哺乳动物细胞内复制，因而具有很高的生物安全性；同时，此系统还具有操作简便、插入外源基因容量大等优点，使得杆状病毒作为哺乳动物细胞的基因传递载体，具有广泛的应用前景。

Recombinant baculoviruses as mammalian cell gene-delivery vectors: a review

The baculovirus expression system has been used extensively for the expression of recombinant proteins in insect cells.Recently,recombinant baculoviruses containing mammalian cell-active promoter element have been used to transduce a broad spectrum of primary and established mammalian cells,including non-hepatic cells.Recombinant baculoviruses have been used successfully for transient or stable gene delivery in mammalian cells in vitro,while the efficiency of delivering gene in vivo is inhibited obviously by complements,but efforts have been made to overcome the problems,for instance,VSV-G-pseudotyped baculoviruses display complement resistance.The mechanism of the transduction is still not clearly understood,though many researches have been done.The baculovirus is able to replicate only in insect cells,but it is incapable of initiating replication cycle in mammalian cells,which guarantees high biosafety of this gene delivery system.In addition,this system is easily manipulated and able to carry large inserts.These attributes will undoubtedly lead to the increased application and continued development of this system for highly effective gene delivery into mammalian cells.