麦红吸浆虫随气流远距离扩散的轨迹分析

为了解麦红吸浆虫Sitodiplosis mosellana (Géhin)种群随气流远距离扩散的可能性和扩散方向, 本研究于2010年5月在河南省洛阳市洛宁县, 利用系留气球携带取样器调查了麦红吸浆虫种群在5~75 m高空的分布以及活动节律, 应用HYSPLIT-4大气扩散模型模拟了2010年以洛宁县(34.35°N, 111.52°E)为起始点, 空中不同高度层麦红吸浆虫种群的扩散轨迹, 以及2007年麦红吸浆虫种群在我国北方麦区的扩散轨迹。结果表明: 在成虫发生期, 麦红吸浆虫在空中5, 45, 50和65 m 4个高度层种群密度较大, 表现出了明显的成层效应。2010年河南洛宁迁入的种群来自西南方的河南南阳地区, 迁出种群能够随气流进入东北方向的河南省宜阳县境内。2007年麦红吸浆虫种群能够随小麦发育期的先后, 随西南气流逐步向东北方向扩散。成虫随气流扩散是麦红吸浆虫种群远距离扩散的一种重要方式。研究结果有助于了解我国麦红吸浆虫远距离扩散方式, 同时对优化发生动态监测和综合治理提供参考。

Trajectory analysis of long-distance dispersal of the wheat midge,Sitodiplosis mosellana (Géhin) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), with air current

To understand the probability and direction of long-distance dispersal of the wheat midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana (Géhin), populations with air current, we analyzed the profile of S. mosellana density that was determined with a series of balloon-supported yellow traps located vertically at altitudes from 5-75 m above ground level, and the internet-based HYSPLIT-4 (HYbrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory) model was used to simulate the dispersal trajectory of S. mosellana at various altitudes in Luoning (34.35°N, 111.52°E), Henan province in 2010 and in north China in 2007. The results indicated that the aerial densities of S. mosellana (number of individuals per trap) at altitudes of 5, 45, 50 and 65 m were higher than those at other altitudes, showing stratification according to altitude above ground. The immigration populations came from Nanyang, Henan province, and the emigration populations moved with airflow to Yiyang, Henan province in 2010. The wheat midge populations dispersed step by step from southwest to northeast with southwest air current in 2007. The dispersal with air current was an important way of long-distance dispersal of S. mosellana. The results may help realize the population expansion and provide a reference value for monitoring population dynamics and optimizing integrated management of S. mosellana in China.