山东优异小麦品种（系）的成熟胚培养能力研究

本研究选择CIM、W4、SD2和MSD2四种脱分化培养基，与MRM和1/2MS+5mg/L玉米素两种再生培养基形成8种培养基组合，利用模式品种扬麦158和Bobwhite对上述培养基的愈伤诱导和再生效率进行评价，筛选出最佳培养基组合为诱导培养基CIM与再生培养基1/2MS+5mg/L玉米素。利用这一培养基组合对包括对照品种Bobwhite在内的40个山东优异冬小麦品种（系）的成熟胚培养能力进行了研究。结果显示：不同品种的成熟胚脱分化形成愈伤组织的能力差异不显著，最高诱导率100%，最低诱导率也超过了94%，但这些愈伤组织在发育过程中形成的愈伤状态差别很大，转移到再分化培养基上后，8个品系的再生率超过10%，分别是08H02、08H05、08B08、泰麦20-2、泰山5024、聊9514、菏麦9803、Bobwhite，占参试品种的20%，其中08H05的再生率（23.0%）超过了对照品种Bobwhite（21.3%）。有7个品种没有获得再生苗，占17.5%；再生率在1%到10%之间的品种25个，占62.5%。

Mature embryo culture capacity of Shandong elite common wheat cultivars and advanced lines

In the present study, four medium (CIM, W4, SD2 and MSD2) were used for callus induction from mature embryos of Yangmai 158 and Bobwhite, model varieties with high capacity in callus regeneration. Two medium (MRM, 1/2MS+5mg/L Zeatin) were used for the following callus regeneration. Both varieties had the highest regeneration frequency on callus induction medium CIM followed with the regeneration medium 1/2MS+5mg/L Zeatin. Tissue culture capacities of mature embryos from 40 Shandong elite varieties or advanced lines were evaluated. The results showed that the callus induction had no significant differences in these cultivars and lines, but the callus status and the growth speed and the following regeneration capacity were quite different. Among the 40 lines, only 08H05 had the higher regeneration frequency (23.3%) than that of the Bobwhite (21.3%), eight lines (08H02, 08H05, 08B08, Taimai20-2, Taishan5024, Liao9514, Hemai9803, Bobwhite) with more than 10% regeneration percentage, account for 20% in the survey lines, seven lines can not obtain any regenerated plantlet, accounting for 12.5%, and 25 lines account for 62.5% with the regeneration frequency no more than 10%.