Inhibition of human P-glycoprotein transport and substrate binding using a galantamine dimer |
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Authors: | Hilda A Namanja Jean Chmielewski |
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Institution: | Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2084, USA |
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Abstract: | The human multidrug resistance transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) prevents the entry of compounds into the brain by an active efflux mechanism at the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, therefore, has become a challenge and the development of new reversible inhibitors of P-gp is pertinent to overcome this problem. We report the design and synthesis of a crosslinked agent based on the Alzheimer’s disease treatment galantamine (Gal-2) that inhibits P-gp-mediated efflux from cultured cells. Gal-2 was found to inhibit the efflux of the fluorescent P-gp substrate rhodamine 123 in cancer cells that over-express P-gp with an IC50 value of approximately 0.6 μM. In addition, Gal-2 was found to inhibit the efflux of therapeutic substrates of P-gp, such as doxorubicin, daunomycin and verapamil with IC50 values ranging from 0.3 to 1.6 μM. Through competition experiments, it was determined that Gal-2 modulates P-gp mediated efflux by competing for the substrate binding sites. These findings support a potential role of agents, such as Gal-2, as inhibitors of P-gp at the BBB to augment treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. |
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Keywords: | P-glycoprotein Inhibition Galantamine Dimer ATP Binding Cassette transporter Blood-brain barrier |
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