Rates of DNA sequence evolution are not sex-biased in Drosophila melanogaster and D. simulans |
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Authors: | Bauer VL; Aquadro CF |
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Institution: | Section of Genetics and Development, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 USA. |
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Abstract: | To determine whether male- or female-biased mutation rates have affected
the molecular evolution of Drosophila melanogaster and D. simulans, we
calculated the male-to-female ratio of germline cell divisions (symbol:
see text]) from germline generation data and the male-to-female ratio of
mutation rate (symbol: see text]) by comparing chromosomal levels of
nucleotide divergence. We found that the ratio of germline cell divisions
changes from indicating a weak female bias to indicating a weak male bias
as the age of reproduction increases. The range of symbol: see text]
values that we observed, however, does not lead us to expect much, if any,
difference in mutation rate between the sexes. Silent and intron nucleotide
divergence were compared between nine loci on the X chromosome and nine
loci on the second and third chromosomes. The average levels of nucleotide
divergence were not significantly different across the chromosomes,
although both silent and intron sites show a trend toward slightly more
divergence on the X. These results indicate a lack of sex- or
chromosome-biased molecular evolution in D. melanogaster and D. simulans.
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