烟雾加气管内滴入PPE 诱发非均质性肺气肿模型

目的:探讨烟雾与弹性蛋白酶(PPE)联合应用在兔阻塞性肺气肿模型形成过程中对肺组织X线、动脉血气、肺组织形态学结构的影响以及如何在较短时间内诱发出类似于人类疾病的非均质性肺气肿模型。方法:将40只小白兔随机分为吸烟组、注酶组、联合组及对照组4组,分别给予单纯香烟熏吸、气管内注入猪胰弹性蛋白酶、烟熏加气管内注入弹性蛋白酶及单纯气管内注入生理盐水作为对照组。7周后分别进行肺组织X线、动脉血气和肺组织形态学检查。结果:注酶组和联合组的平均肺泡数(Na)、肺泡隔面密度(Ds)及PaO2减少,PaCO2、肺总容积(TLC)和肺泡直径(Da)增加,与对照组比较,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。注酶组和联合组大鼠平均肺泡数(MAN)与正常对照组大鼠相比明显减少(P<0.05),平均肺泡面积(MAA)、平均内衬间隔(Lm)明显大于正常对照组(P<0.05),而吸烟组与正常对照组无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:烟雾可强化弹性蛋白酶在诱发肺气肿模型过程中的作用,二者联合应用可加快兔肺气肿模型的诱导过程。

Induction of Heterogenous Emphysema by Cigarette Inhalation and Elastase Tracheal Instillation

Objective: To investigate the effects of smog and elastase on the pulmonary functions and histology during the pathogeny of rabbits’ chronic obstructive pulmonary emphysema and to induce the pulmonary model which is similar to the human dis-ease.Methods: Forty rabbits were divided into four group: smoking,elastase,elastase combined smoking and control groupand treated respectively with smoking only,inject elastase into trachea,elastase combined smoking and inject normal saline respectively.Seven weeks later,pulmonary-X,artery blood gas analysis and pulmonary histology were detected.Results: Compared with the control group,in both elastase and combined groups,density of alveolar septum(Ds),number of alveolus(Na) and PaO2 decreased,PaCO2,total lung capacity(TLC) and diameter of alveolus(Da) increased on the contrary(P<0.05),while in both elastase and combined groups,Mean alveolar num-ber(MAN) decreased and Mean alveolar area(MAA),Meanlinear intercept,Lm(Lm) increased(P<0.05),but no change happened in smoking group(P>0.05).Conclusions: Rabbits obstructive pulmonary emphysema can be induced by elastase.