青岛地区变应性鼻炎患者合并哮喘的流行病学调查研究

目的:调查青岛地区变应性鼻炎患者合并哮喘的患病率及相关因素。方法:设计"青岛地区变应性鼻炎问卷调查表"。采用多阶段抽样及整群抽样的方法,调查青岛地区常住(5年及5年以上)居民,年龄在5-70岁,均无高血压、糖尿病、风湿性疾病及精神障碍性疾病的居民。共调查人数为2052人:调查分三个阶段:问卷调查阶段、根据问卷结果筛选AR可疑对象、对AR可疑对象进行专科检查及变应原皮肤点刺试验以确诊。对结果进行统计学处理。结果:发放问卷总数为2400份,有效问卷为2052份,有效率为85.5%,青岛地区5-70岁居民AR患者248例,其中20例合并支气管哮喘,AR患者合并哮喘的患病率为8.06%,其中男7.14%,女9.26%,男女AR患者合并哮喘的患病率差异无统计学意义(X2=0.36 P>0.05)。结论:青岛地区变应性鼻炎患者合并哮喘的患病率为8.06%,初步了解青岛地区人群中变应性鼻炎合并哮喘的现状,为临床医生对其综合治疗并制定合理有效的治疗方案提供理论基础。

Epidemiological Investigation of Allergic Rhinitis Patients with Asthma in Qingdao Area

Objective: To investigate the morbidity of allergic rhinitis patients with asthma and correlative factors in Qingdao area.Methods: A questionnaire survey on AR in Qingdao area was designed.Two-stage sampling and cluster sampling methods were applied to the mental healthy permanent residence,excluding hypertension,diabetes mellitus and rheumatic disease,aged from 5-70 years old in Qingdao area including seven district and five cities.This investigation had three stages: questionnaire survey,screening of suspected AR patients according to the results of questionnaire,then suspects of AR were identified by the diagnose through specific examination of professional doctors and Allergen skin tests.Results: 2052 questionnaires were available.The effective rate was 85.5%.There were 248 cases of AR,including 20 cases with asthma.The prevalence rate of AR patients with asthma in residents aged from 5-70 was 8.06% in Qingdao City.The difference of prevalence between female 9.26% and male 7.14% was insignificant statistically(X2=0.36,P>0.05).Conclusion: The prevalence rate of AR patients with asthma in residents was 8.06%.To understand the current situation of allergic rhinitis with asthma in Qingdao region would provide a theoretical basis on the development of rational and effective treatment plan as well as its comprehensive treatment for clinicians.