柠条锦鸡儿小叶解剖结构的环境分异性研究

以巴丹吉林、腾格里、乌兰布和及库布齐沙漠的柠条锦鸡儿成熟叶片为研究对象,采用石蜡切片法,观察叶的横切结构,使用Motic Images Plus 2测定叶片厚度、栅栏组织细胞长和上、下表皮厚度等指标,分析比较4个沙漠的柠条锦鸡儿小叶解剖结构差异。结果表明:(1)生长环境不同,柠条锦鸡儿小叶在表皮、叶肉和叶脉结构上都存在差异,以巴丹吉林沙漠与库布齐沙漠的差异性最为显著。(2)干旱环境下,叶片变小、变厚,栅栏组织和维管束组织更为发达,巴丹吉林沙漠最为干旱,叶片最厚,栅栏组织细胞层数最多、细胞最长,导管列数最多;库布齐沙漠水分条件最好,叶片最薄,栅栏组织细胞最短且层数最少,导管列数最少。(3)对柠条锦鸡儿小叶解剖结构的各项指标与环境参数进行相关分析发现,温度和降水是影响柠条锦鸡儿小叶解剖结构变化的主要因素。

Environmental Different Characteristic Study on Anatomical Structure of Caragana korshinskii Leaflet

The leaf anatomical structure of Caragana korshinskii from Badain Jaran Desert, Ulanbuh Desert, Tengger Desert and Kubuqi Desert was studied by paraffin method. The anatomical structure was observed and measured by Motic Plus 2, including leaf thickness, upper and lower epidermal cell thickness, palisade tissue cell thickness of the leaflet. The results showed: (1) in the different growth environments, structure of epidermis, mesophyll and leaf vain was different, Badain Jaran Desert and Kubuqi Desert had significant difference. (2) In arid environment, leaf smaller and thicker, palisade tissues and vascular bundles were highly developed. In the 4 deserts, Badain Jaran Desert was the most drought, the leaf thickness were the heaviest, palisade tissues were much highly developed, including palisade cell tissues were longer, layers were the longest and the amounts of vessel was maximum; Kubuqi Desert had good rainfall, the leaf thickness were the thinnest, palisade cell tissues were the shortest and layers were least, the amounts of vessel was minimum. (3) Correlation of anatomical structure indexes of leaflet and climatic factors were analyzed, the result showed that anatomical structure of leaflet was influenced by precipitation and temperature.