多溴二苯醚的环境暴露与生态毒理研究进展

多溴二苯醚(PBDEs)是一类具有生态风险的新型环境有机污染物.作为阻燃剂,PBDEs已经被愈来愈广泛地添加到工业产品中,并因此对大气、水体、沉积物和土壤等环境介质及相关生态系统产生日益广泛的污染.鉴于这一环境新问题的产生,本文基于有限的资料,初步探讨了PBDEs的人为来源和环境暴露途径,大致给出了PBDEs在不同生物和人体不同组织器官中可能的存在及含量水平;在扼要介绍其基本性质的基础上,从甲状腺、神经系统和生殖发育毒性等三个方面分析了PBDEs对动物和人体可能产生的毒性效应与生态影响,以及PBDEs在生态系统中可能具有的生物积累和生物放大风险;并对今后研究PBDEs的环境暴露与生态效应以及人体健康影响等方面的工作重点进行了展望.

Research advance on environmental exposure and ecotoxicological effects of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a group of new type organic pollutants with significant ecological risk.As flame retardants,they have been increasingly added to industrial products,and thus,resulted in more and more extensive pollution of air,water,sediment and soil as well as their relevant ecosystems.In view of the new environmental problem and based on limited available data,this paper approached the anthropogenic sources of PBDEs and their pathways of environmental exposure,and gave the possible occurrence and concentration of PBDEs in several living organisms and different human tissues.The toxic effects and ecological influences of PBDEs acting on animals and human beings,and their potential biological accumulation and magnification in ecosystems were analyzed in the aspects of hypothyroid,neurotoxicity,and reproductive and developmental toxicity,and the pivots of further researches on environmental exposure,ecological effects and human health influences of PBDEs were thus suggested.