Synthesis and Evaluation of DMPO-Type Spin Traps

The spin traps substituted with some groups at the 4-position of dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide(DMPO) were compared with DMPO itself regarding their abilities as spin traps and their physical properties. 4,5,5-Trimethyl-l-pyroHine N-oxide (4MDMPO) and 5,5-dimethyl- 4-phenyl-l-pyrolline N-oxide (4PDMPO) were synthesized by the Bonnett method, and 5,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxymethyl-l-pyrolline N-oxide (4HMDMPO) was made by a unique method from 2(5H)-furanone. The melting points of 4MDMPO, 4PDMPO and 4HMDMPO were higher than that of DMPO. The magnitude of hydrophilicity was in the order of 4HMDMPO, DMPO, 4MDMPO, and 4PDMPO based on the partition coefficient experiments in a 1-octanol-water system. Several radicals, O₂, HO-, -CH₃, -CH₂OH, -CH(CH₃)OH, (CH₃)₃ CO and H radicals, were trapped with these DMPO derivatives for comparison with the trapping by DMPO itself. Spin adducts of O J with the three DMPO derivatives showed ESR spectra similar to that of DMPO. In spite of the formation of diastereomers arising from spin trapping, the line-width enlargement was very small. The intensities and the decay rates of the spectra of 4MDMPO-O₂^-, 4PDMPO-O₂^- 4HMDMPO-O₂^- and DMPO-O₂^- were almost equal. In the trapping of the OH radical by 4MDMPO, 4PDMPO and 4HMDMPO, the eight-line ESR spectra observed were different from the well-known four-line spectrum of DMPO-OH.