小麦TaHDA19基因的克隆及胁迫表达分析

利用基因克隆技术从小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）品种‘科农199’中扩增得到一个RPD3/HDA1型组蛋白去乙酰化酶基因TaHDA19，采用生物信息学方法对该基因序列的结构特征进行分析，并对植株不同组织及不同胁迫条件下该基因的表达量进行检测。结果显示：TaHDA19的开放阅读框长1560 bp，共编码519个氨基酸；该基因的氨基酸序列存在组蛋白去乙酰化酶（HDAC）家族典型的结构域Hist-deacety1。该基因上游启动子区含有多种响应元件，如：光响应元件I-box和G-box，脱落酸响应元件ABRE和低温响应元件LTR等。‘科农199’TaHDA19基因的表达结果表明：该基因在根、茎、叶片和幼穗中均有表达，其中在叶片中表达量最高；采用脱落酸、氯化钠和PEG分别处理植株0、1、3、6、12、24 h后，基因的表达水平出现差异；在对植株的12个生育时期进行35℃和42℃热胁迫处理1 h后，该基因表达量均出现上调。研究结果表明TaHDA19可能在小麦响应非生物胁迫过程中发挥重要作用。

Cloning and stress expression analysis of the TaHDA19 gene in Triticum aestivum

A RPD3/HDA1 histone deacetylase gene TaHDA19 was amplified from the Triticum aestivum variety ‘Kenong 199’ by gene cloning techniques and analyzed by bioinformatics. Results showed that gene's open reading frame (ORF) was 1560 bp in length and encoded 519 amino acids. The amino acid sequence contained the typical domain Hist-deacety1. Promoter analysis showed that the gene contained a variety of response elements, such as light response elements I-box and G-box, hormone response element ABRE, and low temperature response element LTR. The gene expression pattern of ‘Kenong 199’ in different tissues and under different stress conditions was analyzed. Results showed that the gene was expressed in roots, stems, leaves, and young spikes, with the highest expression found in leaves. In addition, the gene expression levels were different under ABA, NaCl, and PEG treatment for 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h. The gene was up-regulated in the 12 growth stages after heat-stress treatment at 35℃ and 42℃ for 1 h compared with the control.