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Oryzalin-induced chromosome doubling in<Emphasis Type="Italic"> Rosa</Emphasis> and its effect on plant morphology and pollen viability |
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| Authors: | M?J?Kermani V?Sarasan |
| Institution: | (1) School of Health and Bioscience, University of East London, Romford Road, London, E15 4LZ, UK;(2) Present address: Micropropagation Unit, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Surrey, TW9 3AB, UK;(3) Present address: Sir Alexander Flemming Building, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK;(4) Present address: Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution, The Sanctuary, Westminster, London, SW1P 3JS, UK;(5) Present address: Medical Sciences Division, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3UD, UK |
| Abstract: | Shoot tips of the diploid rose Thérèse Bugnet were treated in vitro to oryzalin at concentrations of 5 and 15  M. Tetraploid shoots were obtained in highest frequencies (40%) after exposure to 5 M oryzalin for 14 days. Thin (1 mm) nodal sections were treated with 5 M oryzalin and the highest frequency of tetraploids (66%) was obtained after exposure for only 1 day. The shorter exposure times required to induce chromosome doubling in thin nodal sections is attributed to the more efficient delivery of oryzalin to the meristem. Tetraploids were obtained from four diploid roses and hexaploids from two triploid roses. Chromosome doubling was accompanied by increases in thickness and a darker green colouration of the leaves and, in all diploid to tetraploid and one triploid to hexaploid conversion, the breadth/length ratio of leaflets was significantly increased. Internodes were longer in tetraploids than diploids but significantly shorter in hexaploids than triploids. The number of petals per flower in the tetraploid form of Thérèse Bugnet was double that of the diploid. Significant increases in pollen viability accompanied chromosome doubling of all four diploids and one of the two triploids.Communicated by H. Nybom |
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