保定市生产性生态承载力与生态功能耦合协调度时空分异

生态承载力与生态功能对区域均具有正向支撑作用，二者存在一定的相互影响，探讨其交互耦合关系，可以客观反映区域经济发展与生态环境的协调程度。基于国内外生产性生态承载力研究成果，结合生态保护红线划定方案对水土保持、水源涵养、防风固沙、生物多样性维护四项生态功能的评价方法，测算和分析保定市2010年和2017年的人均生态承载力及其与各类生态功能的耦合协调度及其影响因素。结果表明：①2010年和2017年保定市总生态承载量和人均生态承载力均有所提升，保定市生态经济性支撑作用不断提高，其中耕地和草地对其贡献最大；空间分布上由北向南递减，市区承载力最低；②各类生态功能高值区主要集中于保定市西北地带，水源涵养功能最强，两年间变化不大；③人均生态承载力和生态功能的耦合协调度时序变化不大，空间上以生态功能格局为基础，生态承载力的变化导致结果存在偏移；根据耦合结果可将保定市土地和生态功能支撑力的协调程度分为3个层次，低承载低耦合区、高承载高耦合区和低承载高耦合区；④经济社会发展水平、自然禀赋、区域发展战略等因素对保定市各类耦合协调度的分布和变化带来了主要影响。研究成果将为综合建设保定市生态可持续发展提供理论参考。

Spatio-temporal difference of coupling coordinative degree of productive ecological carrying capacity and ecological function in Baoding, Hebei Province

Ecological carrying capacity is an important indicator to measure the supporting capacity of social economy and resource environment subsystems. There is to some extent an interplay between ecological carrying capacity and ecological functions which have positive effects on the region. Exploration of their interactive coupling relationship can objectively reflect the degree of coordination between regional economic development and the ecological environment. This paper is based on the domestic and foreign research of productive ecological carrying capacity, and combined with evaluation methods of the 4 ecological functions, including water conservation function, wind prevention and sand fixation function, biodiversity conservation function, and soil and water conservation function, which were worked out by ecological protection redline delimitation. The per capita ecological carrying capacity and its coupling coordinative degree with different ecological functions and its influential factors of Baoding City in 2010 and 2017 was measured and analyzed. The results show that: 1) the total and per capita ecological carrying capacity of Baoding in 2010 and 2017 were improved from 2.55×10⁷ hm² to 2.94×10⁷ hm², and from 2.64 hm² to 2.94 hm² respectively, indicating that the supporting capacity of Baoding''s ecosystem continued to increase. The cultivated land and grassland had the largest contribution to the carrying capacity. The value decreased from north to south from the perspective of spatial distribution, and the urban area had the lowest value. 2) High-value areas of all ecological functions were mainly concentrated in the northwest of Baoding, with the strongest water conservation function, which hadn''t changed much in two years. 3) The time series of coupling coordinative degree between per capita ecological carrying capacity and ecological functions had little change. Water conservation function had the highest coupling coordinative degree with ecological carrying capacity. The overall distribution pattern of coupling coordination degree was dominated by the strength of ecological functions, while the range and degree of change were controlled by ecological carrying capacity. According to the coupling results, the coordinative degree of land and water conservation function could be divided into 3 categories including low carrying capacity-low coupling zone, high carrying capacity-high coupling zone, and low carrying capacity-high coupling zone. Different coupling types reflected the spatial variation rules of coupling coordinative degree, which was the result of the double action of ecological conditions and social economic development. 4) Economic and social development level, natural endowment, regional development strategy and other factors had the major impacts on the changes and distribution of different types of coupling coordinative degree in Baoding. While the influence of economic activities exceeded the positive effects caused by natural conditions, the coordinative results became worse. The regional development policy was the general direction of the change of coupling coordinative degree and had the advantage of policy guidance, which could promote the linkage of regional ecological carrying capacity and ecological functions as a whole, and also stimulated the potential of less developed areas and underdeveloped territory. The research results will provide a theoretical reference for the comprehensive construction of ecological sustainable development in Baoding.