基于土地利用冲突识别的国家公园社区调控研究——以钱江源国家公园为例

功能分区和土地利用冲突识别为国家公园社区调控提供空间指引,为社区精细化管理提供依据。以钱江源国家公园试点区（以下简称为"钱江源国家公园"）为例,综合考虑国家公园建设多重目标,建立了生态保育、游憩利用和农业生产适宜性评价体系,并基于三类适宜性构建潜在土地利用冲突识别矩阵。通过叠加国家公园功能分区与土地利用冲突分析结果,识别国家公园社区类型并提出调控措施。结果表明：①三类适宜性土地利用总量较丰富且存在空间差异,其中生态保育适宜性呈中部高,南北两侧低的分布特征,游憩利用、农业生产适宜性呈中部、北部高,南部低的空间特征;②土地利用冲突识别矩阵将钱江源国家公园土地利用冲突划分为4大类,即用地优势区、冲突激烈区、冲突一般区和冲突微弱区,其中47.24%的土地存在潜在利用冲突,冲突等级以冲突激烈为主,用地优势区占比50.21%;③基于国家公园功能分区框架与土地利用冲突结果叠加分析,将国家公园社区划分为区外安置型、控制发展型、优先整治型、游憩发展型、特色农业型5种类型,并提出差异化调控措施。

Community regulation in national park based on land use conflict identification: A case study on Qianjiangyuan National Park

Zoning and identification of land-use conflict provide the spatial guidance for national park community regulation, and support for refined community management. Taking Qianjiangyuan National Park pilot (QNP) as an example in this paper, we conduct suitability evaluation system about ecological conservation, recreational use and agricultural production in consideration of multiple objectives of national park, as well as establish land-use conflicts identification matrix. By overlaying the zoning layer and land-use conflict layer, it identifies categories of community in the QNP and proposes management measures. The results show that: 1) the amount of three types of land-use suitability is abundant with spatial difference. The ecological conservation suitability is high in the middle of QNP but low in the northern and southern part. However, both recreation use and agricultural production suitability are high in the middle and northern part of QNP but low in the south; 2) Using the land-use conflict identification matrix, land-use conflict zone in QNP can be divided into 4 types, including priority land use area, high conflict area, medium conflict area, and low conflict area. 47.24% of land use in QNP has potential conflict, most of which are high conflict. Besides, 50.21% are priority land use area; 3) Through overlay analysis of zoning layer and the result of land use conflict, 5 types of communities in QNP are identified, namely relocated community, control developmental community, prioritized governance community, recreation developmental community, and featured agriculture community. The differentiated community regulation measures are also proposed.