Microalgae-based carbohydrates for biofuel production |
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| Affiliation: | 1. College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China;2. Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China;3. State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China;4. Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan;5. Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan;6. Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan;7. Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan;8. Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 3-5 Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan;9. Biomass Engineering Program, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan;10. Research Center for Energy Technology and Strategy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan |
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| Abstract: | Microalgae are considered as the most promising renewable feedstock for biofuel production and biorefineries, due to their advantages of fast growth, efficient carbon dioxide fixation, not competing for arable lands and potable water, and potentially accumulating high amounts of lipids and carbohydrates. Since carbohydrates in microalgae biomass are mainly cellulose in the cell wall and starch in the plastids without lignin and low hemicelluloses contents, they can be readily converted into fermentable sugars. However, to date there are very few studies focusing on the use of microalgae-based carbohydrates for biofuel production, which requires more understanding and knowledge to support the technical feasibility of this next-generation feedstock. This review article elucidates comprehensive information on the characteristics and metabolism of main fermentable microalgal carbohydrates (e.g., starch and cellulose), as well as the key factors and challenges that should be addressed during production and saccharification of microalgal carbohydrates. Furthermore, developments on the utilization of microalgae-based feedstock in producing liquid and gaseous biofuels are summarized. The objective of this article is to provide useful knowledge and information with regard to biochemistry, bioprocess engineering, and commercial applications to assist in the viable technology development of for biofuels generation from microalgae-based carbohydrates. |
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| Keywords: | Microalgae Biogas Growth kinetics Integrated Processing Biofuels Biorefinery |
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