小麦的比较基因组学和功能基因组学

小麦是异源多倍体植物，具有大的染色体组，并且基因组中重复序列所占比例较高，这些特征限制了小麦基因组研究的进展。比较基因组学方法为运用模式植物进行小麦基因组学研究提供了一个操作平台。功能基因组学的研究集中于基因组中转录表达的部分，基因功能的确定是功能基因组学研究的主要内容。对比较基因组学在小麦基因组研究中的应用和小麦功能基因组学的研究内容和方法进行了综述。

Comparative and functional genomics of wheat

Wheat is the heterogenous polyploid plant with large chromosomes and high level of repetitive sequences. These characters have limited the progress of wheat genomics studies. Comparative genomics provided a platform for study of wheat genomics by using model plants Functional genomics focused on the expressed portion of the wheat genome. Its aim was determining the expression and function of genes. This paper reviews the application of comparative genomics in wheat genomic studies and the contents and methods of functional genomics of wheat.