Recent advances in the microgravity crystallization of biological macromolecules

The status of microgravity research in the crystallization of biological macromolecules is presented. Currently, two paths of investigation are being undertaken. The first is the production of high-quality crystals in space for biotechnology and research applications. The second is the study of the mechanisms by which these superior crystals are formed in microgravity. Emphasis is also placed on macromolecules and the exploration of the flash-frozen-samples-Dewar approach for multiple crystallizations. Future space flight opportunities to continue this research are discussed.