羊草受精作用及其胚与胚乳早期发育的观察

利用常规石蜡制片方法研究了羊草受精过程及胚与胚乳的早期发育，其主要结果为：(1)授粉后1h，花粉管破坏1助细胞，释放2精子。精子为眼眉状，难以区分其细胞质鞘；(2)授粉后1～2h，2个精子分别移向卵细胞与极核；(3)授粉后2～3h，精核分别贴附于卵细胞与极核核膜上；(4)授粉后3～10h，精核与卵核融合，并出现雄性核仁，形成合子；(5)授粉后3～4h，精核与极核融合，并出现雄性核仁，形成初生胚乳核，精核与极核的融合比与卵核融合快；(6)传粉后20h，合子分裂，合子的休眠期为10h左右；(7)传粉4h，初生胚乳核分裂，初生胚乳核没有休眠期；(8)羊草双受精作用属于有丝分裂前配子融合类型；(9)胚胎发育属于紫菀型，胚乳发育属于核型胚乳。

Observations on fertilization and early development of embryo and endosperm in Aneurolepidium chinense

Observe the processes of fertilization and the early development of embryo and endosperm of Aneurolepidium chinense (Trin.) Kitag.by means of paraffin wax.The main results are as follows:(1) In one hour after pollination,pollen tube enters a synergid,releasing two sperms.Sperm looks like eyebrow and it is hard to identify the cytoplasm.(2)In one to two hours after pollination,two sperms move to the egg cell and the polar nucleus.(3)In two to three hours after pollination, two sperm nuclei are nestled on the nuclear membranes of the egg nucleus and a polar nucleus respectively and synchronously.(4)In three to ten hours after pollination,the membranes of one male nuclear and of egg nuclear are fusing.After fusing a small male nucleolus appears in the egg nuclear,it means the formation of zygote.(5)In three to four hours after pollination,male nucleus fuse with polar nucleus.After that a small male nucleolus appears in the polar nucleus.This means the formation of primary endosperm nucleus.The fusion of sperm nucleus with the polar nucleus is faster than with the egg cell.(6)In twenty hours after pollination,zygote begins dividing.The dormancy stage is 10 hours long.(7)In four hours after pollination,the primary endosperm nucleus begins dividing.There is no dormancy stage in the development of primary endosperm nucleus.(8)Double fertilization is the type of the Premitotic syngamy.(9)The embryo genesis of Asterad type and the endosperm genesis is of Nuclear type.