Peptidergic inputs to sympathetic preganglionic neurons

This paper presents data showing that the sympathetic autonomic areas of the cat thoracolumbar spinal cord contain nerve terminals and fibres with immunoreactivity for at least seven neuropeptides. The distribution in the intermediolateral cell column of the terminals and fibres which contain enkephalin-, neuropeptide Y-, neurotensin-, substance P-, and neurophysin II-like immunoreactivity (ENK, NPY, NT, SP, and NP2, respectively) suggests that these peptides are involved in more generalized functions of the autonomic nervous system. On the other hand, peaks in density of immunoreactivity at certain levels suggest that different levels of influence of sympathetic preganglionic neurons by the various peptides may occur along the length of the thoracolumbar cord. The distribution of terminals and fibres containing somatostatin- and oxytocin-like immunoreactivity (SS and OXY) suggests that these peptides may be part of specific pathways to particular sympathetic preganglionic neurons. The possible sources of the terminals and fibres containing ENK, NPY, NT, SS, and SP include the spinal cord and supraspinal areas, whereas the source of these structures with OXY and NP2 is most likely supraspinal. The data suggest that coexistence of peptides and interactions between structures containing different neuropeptides occur in the spinal autonomic areas. It is speculated that neuropeptides have an important role to play in the regulation of the cardiovascular division of the autonomic nervous system.