基于QuickBird和GIS的沈阳市城市潜在人口空间分布特征

人口是城市发展中最活跃的因素,了解城市人口分布特征对制定城市政策及城市各项设施规划布局具有重要意义.本文基于QuickBird卫星影像提取城市居住建筑信息,结合社会经济统计数据对沈阳市三环以内人口空间分布的特征进行分析.结果表明:2010年沈阳市三环以内各居住用地建筑类型的人口密度依次为:高层片块＞混合片块＞混合花园＞老式多层＞高层花园＞多层片块＞多层花园＞别墅片块＞矮房及棚户＞别墅花园;三环内居住建筑空置率高达30％以上,房地产市场存在严重过剩;沈河区的潜在人口密度在城市5区中最大,铁西区和大东区较小.基于人口重心分析测算的城市人口重心及各行政区人口重心为城市商业设施选址及基础设施规划提供了重要的参考信息.

Spatial distribution characteristics of urban potential population in Shenyang City based on QuickBird image and GIS

Population is the most active factor affecting city development. To understand the distribution characteristics of urban population is of significance for making city policy decisions and for optimizing the layout of various urban infrastructures. In this paper, the information of the residential buildings in Shenyang urban area was extracted from the QuickBird remote sensing images, and the spatial distribution characteristics of the population within the Third-Ring Road of the City were analyzed, according to the social and economic statistics data. In 2010, the population density in different types of residential buildings within the Third-Ring Road of the City decreased in the order of high-storey block, mixed block, mixed garden, old multi-storey building, high-storey garden, multi-storey block, multi-storey garden, villa block, shanty, and villa garden. The vacancy rate of the buildings within the Third-Ring Road was more than 30%, meaning that the real estate market was seriously overstocked. Among the five Districts of Shenyang City, Shenhe District had the highest potential population density, while Tiexi District and Dadong District had a lower one. The gravity center of the City and its five Districts was also analyzed, which could provide basic information for locating commercial facilities and planning city infrastructure.