l-Malic acid production from fumaric acid by a laboratory Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain SHY2

Summary l-Malic acid was produced efficiently from fumaric acid by Saccharomyces cerevisiae SHY2. The amount of l-malic acid produced increased with the increase in initial fumaric acid concentration (from 20 to 120 g/L). The average specific and volumetric production rates reached up to 0.708 g/g·h and 2.787 g/L·h, respectively, in 24 hours. Final l-malic acid concentration of up to 109 g/L was obtained in 96 hours.