子宫内膜异位症大鼠模型的建立及其病理学改变

目的构建子宫内膜异位症（内异症）大鼠动物模型，为阐明内异位症发病机理以及寻找有效的治疗方法提供理想的动物模型。方法取性成熟雌性Sprague-Dawley（SD）大鼠30只，通过手术将大鼠自体子宫组织移植到子宫旁韧带上，建立诱发型内异症大鼠动物模型。术后8周，再次剖腹观察异位组织的存活情况、病灶大小、与周围组织的粘连程度以及病理学变化。结果25只大鼠有明显的异位病灶。所有病灶都与周围组织有不同程度的粘连，病灶外观呈囊泡状。光镜观察见大部分异位子宫内膜形态和结构与在位子宫内膜基本相同，但内膜细胞、间质细胞、腺体，与在位内膜相比较少。少数病灶只有上皮组织或只有问质组织。结论自体子宫移植法可成功建立内异症大鼠模型。

Establishment and Pathological Observation of a Rat Model of Endometriosis

Objective To establish an animal model of endometriosis, provide an ideal animal model for clarifying endometriosis pathogenesis and explore effective treatment methods. Methods In order to establish a rat model of endometriosis, autotransplantation of uterine tissue into the pat, a-uterine ligament was performed by surgery in 30 adult female Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats. After eight weeks, the survival rate, development of ectopic foci, the extent of adhesion with surrounding tissues were observed by laparotomy and samples of the heterotopic tissues were taken for pathological examination. Results Twenty-five rats showed conspicuous ectopic foci, and all foci showed adhesion to surrounding tissues to a different extent and presence of cystic alterations. However, the amount of endothelial ceils, interstitial ceils and glands was less than those in the eutopic endometrium. A few foci were composed of epithelial tissue or stromal tissue alone. Conclusion It is a successful method to establish a rat model of endometriosis by autotransplantion of uterine tissue and provides a convenient model for studying the pathogenesis of the disease and the selection of new drugs.