酿酒酵母中基于CRISPR/Cas9工具的基因编辑与代谢调控研究进展

CRISPR/Cas9系统已广泛用于各种生物体的基因编辑和代谢工程。本文综述了CRISPR/Cas9在酿酒酵母中的基本原理和实际应用。首先总结了CRISPR/Cas9技术的发展历史、酿酒酵母基因组中基因缺失和多DNA片段插入的成功案例。这一先进的系统减少了劳动力，增强了对分子遗传学的理解，加速了微生物工程的发展。其次总结了基于CRISPR/Cas9的系统在生产高附加值化学品和提高酿酒酵母耐应激性方面的研究进展。该综述对酿酒酵母的遗传和合成生物学研究具有重要的参考价值。

Research Progresses of Gene Editing and Metabolic Regulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Based on CRISPR/Cas9 tools

The CRISPR/Cas9 systems have been widely used for gene editing and metabolic engineering in various organisms. The basic principles and practical applications of the CRISPR/Cas9 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been summarized in this review. Firstly, the history of CRISPR/Cas9, successful cases of gene deletion and multiple DNA fragment insertion in genome of S. cerevisiae have been reviewed. Such advanced systems have reduced labor, enhanced the understanding of molecular genetics, and accelerated the development of microbial engineering. Furthermore, the research progress of the CRISPR/Cas9-based systems in the production of high value-added chemicals and the improvement of stress tolerance in S. cerevisiae have been summarized. Therefore, this review should has an important reference value for genetic and synthetic biology studies based on S. cerevisiae.