一品红雄配子体发育研究

一品红花药来源于雄蕊原基，花药由表皮(1层)、药室内壁(1层)、中层(1层)、绒毡层(1层)及造胞细胞组成，花药四室，药壁发育为双子叶型。小孢子发生和雄配子体发育是经由小孢子母细胞减数分裂形成四分体，该四分体胞质分裂为同时型，四分体排列为四面体型，小孢子再经有丝分裂形成2—核花粉。花药壁层的变化是表皮在花药成熟期消失，中层在四分体时消失，药室内壁在花药成熟期形成柱状纤维层。绒毡层在单核小孢子期径向伸长，有双核或多核，另外有的绒毡层细胞形成横隔或类胎座；进入2—核花粉期，绒毡层细胞分泌颗粒物进入药室，为非典型腺质绒毡层；进入成熟期绒毡层消失。同时观察到花药发育异常现象。

Studies on male gametophyte development of Euphorbia pulcherima

The anther of Euphorbia pulcherima originates from the primordium of stamen and it consists of epidermis (one layer), endothecium (one layer), middle layer (one layer), tapetum (one layer) and aporgenous cells. The anther has four chambers and the development of anther wall is dicotyledonous type. The microsporogenesis and male gametophyte development were observed as follows: With the mitosis of microspore mother cells, tetrad is formed, of which the cytokinesis is simultaneous type and the arrangement is tetrahedral; microspores complete the mitosis and generated double-nuclei pollen. The epidermis of anther disappears at the anther mature stage, the middle layer disappears at tetrad stage and the endothelium become columnar fibrous layer at the anther mature stage. The tapetum cells stretch radially and become double-nuclei or more at uninuclear microspore stage and some tapetum cells form trabeculae or placentoides. At double-nuclei pollens stage, the particles coming from tapetum cells go into anther chambers and the tapetum is off-type glandular tapetum. The tapetum disappears at anther mature stage. The abnormal anther development was observed simultaneously.