Benzo[b]furan derivatives induces apoptosis by targeting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in human breast cancer cells

The PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway plays a key regulatory function in cell survival, proliferation, migration, metabolism and apoptosis. Aberrant activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is found in many types of cancer and thus plays a major role in breast cancer cell proliferation. In our previous studies, benzob]furan derivatives were evaluated for their anticancer activity and the lead compounds identified were 26 and 36. These observations prompted us to investigate the molecular mechanism and apoptotic pathway of these lead molecules against breast cancer cells. Benzob]furan derivatives (26 and 36) were evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA MB-231. These compounds (26 and 36) have shown potent efficiency against breast cancer cells (MCF-7) with IC₅₀ values 0.057 and 0.051 μM respectively. Cell cycle analysis revealed that these compounds induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase in MCF-7 cells. Western blot analysis revealed that these compounds inhibit the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and induced mitochondrial mediated apoptosis in human breast cancer cells (MCF-7).