藏药的历史及研究进展

藏族是分布于我国青藏高原的一个古老民族。藏医药学的文字记载始于1300多年前。八世纪以后流传下来的藏医药文献很多，本文就其中6种进行论述，着重指出：①对藏药正品的考证来说，十七八世纪之交时桑杰嘉措主编的《蓝琉璃》和与之配套的彩色药物挂图是很好的资料。②丹增彭措著的《晶珠本草》成书年代宜暂作1743士9年，而不是目前一些文献流行的1840年或1800年。③丹增再传弟子蒙古人绛贝多杰著藏文本草《正确认药图鉴》，约半数附图注汉文药名，此书能反映当时蒙医使用藏药名的实际情况。但不是全部藏药，且导致后世汉译与英译古藏医药文献时对藏药名的误译，但其正文中引用许多藏医药名著对该药的生境、形态等描述而为《晶珠本草》未记载的，对考证藏药仍有重要作用。本文还就七十年代两种藏药方剂405个，统计出现20次以上的最常用藏药50种，列表供参考。此外还介绍近30年来对藏药的调查开发情况。文末附参考文献121篇。

STUDIES ON THE SELECTION OF SECONDARY HOST MOSS PLANTS AND THEIR PROPAGATION AND UTILIZATION OF SCHLECHTEN-DALIA CHINENSIS IN GUIZHOU PROVINCE

The following contents are involved in the paper; 1.The best secondary host of Schlechtendalia chinensis in Guizhou is Plagiomnium maximoviczii (Lindb.) T. Kop.2.The secondary hosts can be propagated by cutting into small fragments about 0.8 cm in length and then in broadcast sowing. The propagation area can be 8 times higher than its breeding material area.3. There are different propagation methods in different climate and soil conditions.4. After inoculating Schlechtendalia chinensis on Plagiomnium maximovi-czii which propagated in the experimental forest of Rhus chinensis, its Kop-pei or horned gall production is 13 times of the natural production.