干旱半干旱区地下水埋深对沙地植物土壤系统演变的驱动作用综述

在干旱半干旱生态脆弱区，地下水是限制植物种类组成、数量和生长发育的关键因素之一。近年来由于气候变化与土地利用强度的增加，我国北方普遍出现以极端气候变化、地表水体萎缩和地下水位下降为特征的生态过程，对区域生态系统安全和可持续发展构成严重威胁。而有关干旱半干旱区地下水埋深变化驱动退化植被恢复和稳定性维持方面的系统研究尚存不足。系统总结了地下水埋深变化分别对植物、土壤产生的影响及其三者间相互作用关系，比较分析了前人的研究成果，归纳总结了地下水埋深变化的驱动作用和影响因素，以及干旱半干旱区地下水埋深变化对植物土壤系统影响的预测模型研究，以期为今后应对地下水埋深变化制定生态保护策略提供理论指导依据。对本研究做了展望。

A review on the driving effect of groundwater depth on the evolution of sandy plant soil systems in arid and semi-arid region

In arid and semi-arid ecologically fragile areas, groundwater is one of key factors restricting the composition, quantity and growth of plant species. In recent years, due to the increase in climate change and land use intensity, ecological processes characterized by extreme climate change, surface water shrinkage and groundwater level decline have generally appeared in northern China, posing a serious threat to the security and sustainable development of regional ecosystems. However, there are still insufficiently systematic studies on the restoration and stability maintenance of degraded vegetation driven by change in groundwater depth in arid and semi-arid regions. This article systematically summarized the effects of groundwater depth change on plants and soil, and the interaction between them, compared and analyzed the previous research results, summarized the driving effect and influencing factors of the groundwater depth change, as well as research on the prediction model of the impact of groundwater depth changes on plant soil systems in semi-arid regions, in order to provide theoretical guidance for formulating ecological protection strategies in response to change of groundwater depth in the future. Finally, a prospect of the research direction is made.