喉癌的流行病学病因学动态分析

目的:调查我省喉癌流行病学特征及影响喉癌预后的相关因素。为我省喉癌防治工作提供理论依据。方法:对1995年-2005年哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科收治的1172例喉癌患者进行回顾性调查研究。结果:喉癌发病男女比例为2．48:1,女性喉癌发病率较其他地区高。在年龄分布中,50-69岁患者占68．9％。城市居民比农村居民发明率偏高,是农民的1.35倍,在职业方面以工人最多。吸烟量越大、吸烟时间越长,患喉癌的例数越多。正常人与喉癌患者ABO血型构成比之间无显著差异。声门上型喉癌占喉癌总数的54．43%,声门型喉癌占喉癌总数的36．60％,声门下型喉癌占喉癌总数的1．96％。病理分型中鳞状细胞癌占95．6％。声门上型及喉咽癌颈淋巴结转移明显偏高。结论:我省喉癌发病女性患者较其他地区多,且以声门上型最显著、50-69岁年龄段发病最高。吸烟与喉癌的发生有一定关系。城市居民比农村居民发病率高。喉癌发病与ABO血型无明显关系。

Dynamic Analysis of Epidemiology and Etiology on Laryngeal Carcinoma

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological character and the correlative factors affecting the prognosis of laryngeal carcinoma(LC) in Hei Longjiang province. Methods: 1172 cases of laryngeal carcinoma, who were admitted for treatment between 1995 and 2005 in the second affiliated hospital of Harbin Medical University, were retrospectively analysed. Results: The incidence of laryngeal carcinoma between males and females is 2.48 to 1. And the females' is higher than other regions. In age distribution, patients aged from 50 to 69 years accounted for 68.9% of all the patients;urban population was 1.35 times as much as the peasants. In profession,most of the patients were workers. The larger the quantity of smoking was and the longer the time of smoking was, the greater the number of the cases was. There was no significant difference in compositional ratio of ABO blood types between healthy people and patients with LC.Of laryngeal carcinomas, supraglottic carcinoma accounted for 54.43%; glottis carcinoma 36.60%; subglottic carcinoma 1.96%; laryngeal pharynx carcinoma 6.99%. There was 96.4% of squamous cell carcinoma in all laryngeal carcinomas. Cervical lymph node metastasis was higher in supraglottic and hypopharyngeal carcinoma. Conclusions: The incidence of females in Heilongjiang province is higher than other regions, and the incidence of supraglottic carcinoma is the highest. Smoking is necessarily related to the incidence of LC.