Sequestered calcium triggers oocyte maturation in Chaetopterus |
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| Authors: | W R Eckberg A G Carroll |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Zoology, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, U.S.A.;2. Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, U.S.A.;3. Department of Biology, Indiana University/Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN 45223, U.S.A.;1. College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China;2. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Human Embryo Engineering, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, 400013, China;3. College of agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology, Weifang Vocational College, Shandong Province, 266109, China;1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China;2. Reproductive Medicine, Guangxi Medical and Health Key Discipline Construction Project, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to test the involvement of Ca2+ in maturation and activation of eggs, we have treated Chaetopterus eggs with ionophore A23187 and quercetin, an inhibitor of Ca2+-dependent ATPase. Ionophore A23187 induced rapid germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) and activated eggs as evidence by fertilization envelope elevation at a wide range of concentrations. Higher concentrations of A23187 induced GVBD in Ca2+-free artificial sea water, demonstrating the independence of GVBD in Chaetopterus from external Ca2+. At high concentrations of ionophore, eggs became ameboid and underwent the initial phases of differentiation without cleavage. Low concentrations of quercetin induced GVBD with or without external CA2+. This treatment did not activate eggs, but allowed them to be fertilized and undergo some development. The results of these experiments indicate 1) that Ca2+ fluxes regulate GVBD and activation in Chaetopterus, 2) that these fluxes can be internally generated, and 3) that Ca2+ sequestration by Ca2+-dependent ATPase may have a role in maintaining the intact germinal vesicle. |
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