草莓对I-、IO3-的吸收特征及对其品质的影响

提高植物性食品中碘的含量对人体自然补碘具有重要作用。该文通过水培模拟实验, 揭示了草莓(Fragaria ananassa)对I^-和IO₃^-的吸收特征, 在分析不同外源碘浓度下草莓根系以上部分生物量的基础上, 通过对比吸收外源碘前后维生素C、可溶性糖、总酸度和硝酸盐含量的变化, 评价了草莓吸收I^-和IO₃^-对果实品质的影响。研究结果表明, 草莓对碘的吸收量随营养液中I^-和IO₃^-浓度的增加而增加, 相同浓度下草莓吸收的I^-明显多于IO₃^-, 草莓吸收适量的碘可以促进植株生长, 不仅使生物量提高, 而且会增加草莓果实维生素C和可溶性总糖的含量, 从而提高品质。在营养液浓度为0.5-5.0 mg?kg^-1时, 草莓吸收IO₃^-后会增加果实总酸度和硝酸盐的含量, 降低草莓果实品质。在营养液浓度为0.25-2.5 mg?kg^-1时, 草莓吸收I^-后会使果实中总酸度和硝酸盐的含量明显降低, 果实的品质有所提高。研究结果为科学培育含碘草莓提供了技术支撑。

Absorption Characteristics of Strawberry on I-, IO3- and the Effects on the Quality

To improve the iodine content of plant foods plays an important role in supplement of natural iodine for humans. We performed a hydroponic experiment to reveal the characteristics of I^-, IO₃^- uptake by strawberry plants. We measured the aboveground biomass of strawberry plants grown in solution at various iodine concentrations. The effects of I^-, IO₃^- absorption on fruit quality were evaluated in terms of variations in content of vitamin C, soluble sugar, total acidity and nitrate of strawberries under different iodine treatments. The higher the I^-, IO₃^- concentration of the solution, the more iodine the strawberry plants absorbed. The absorption was higher for I^- than IO₃^- under the same exogenous iodine concentration. A proper dose of iodine application promoted the growth of strawberry plants, which increased the biomass and also improved fruit quality by increasing vitamin C and soluble sugar content. Grown with 0.5-5.0 mg?kg^-1 IO₃^- solution, the total acidity and nitrate content of strawberries increased, which reduced the quality of strawberries. Under 0.25-2.5 mg?kg^-1 I^- treatment, the total acidity and nitrate content of strawberries decreased, thereby enhancing the quality of strawberries. These results may provide technical support for scientific cultivation of iodine-enriched strawberry.