浙江省加拿大一枝黄花(Solidago canadensis)的空间分布格局及其与人类活动的关系

原产于北美的加拿大一枝黄花目前正在我国境内尤其是东部地区迅速扩散,对当地的社会经济、自然生态系统和生物多样性构成了严重威胁.应用GIS技术揭示了2005年浙江省加拿大一枝黄花发生面积和发生面积比例的空间分布格局,并结合回归统计方法,分析了该空间分布格局与人类活动的关系.结果表明:加拿大一枝黄花在浙江省的分布存在明显的空间异质性;进口货物总额与农业活动强度是解释加拿大一枝黄花发生面积变异的主要因子;境内公路里程是解释加拿大一枝黄花发生面积比例变异的主要因子.在大力发展经济的同时,不能忽视经济发展对生态环境产生的负面影响,如物种入侵.对于加拿大一枝黄花的防控,应加大对抛荒地和闲置地的复垦力度,从源头上控制其发生面积.

Spatial distribution pattern of Solidago canadensis in Zhejiang Province and its relationship with anthropogenic activities

Solidago canadensis, a perennial plant native to North America, is now spreading rapidly in China, especially in eastern China. The plant has already induced serious threats to native ecosystems and biodiversity and has caused considerable economic loss to those areas. A spatial analysis technique was used to analyze the spatial distribution pattern of Solidago canadensis in Zhejiang Province in 2005. A stepwise regression method was applied to explore the relationship between the spatial distribution pattern of Solidago canadensis and anthropogenic activities. Our results indicate that there is a significant spatial heterogeneity of Solidago canadensis areal distribution in the study area. Imports and intensity of agricultural activities are major factors in Solidago canadensis occurrence area, while length of highways accounts for the variance in relative area of Solidago canadensis. With a rapidly developing economy, more attention should be given to the negative impact of Solidago canadensis on the environment. In terms of prevention and control Solidago canadensis invasion, the reclamation of abandoned and idle land should be intensified so as to limit establishment from points of origin.