白头叶猴(Trachypithecus leucocephalus)栖息地景观格局的时空变化

运用3S技术,以1973年MSS影像和1999年TM影像为主要数据源,研究了白头叶猴(Trachypithecus leucocephalus)栖息地26a间景观格局的变化特征,并探讨了景观格局的变化及其对白头叶猴的影响.结果表明:1973年至1999年间白头叶猴栖息地景观格局变化剧烈,九重山、咘遵和弄官山3片区域内景观斑块平均面积平均减少了34.89%,聚集度平均下降了12.23%;同时景观多样性指数平均增加了14.15%,景观形状指数平均增加了31.08%,边界密度平均增加了36.39%,破碎度指数平均增加了64.17%;林地景观类型面积平均减少了18.50%,而农田、居民点等人为景观面积则大幅增加.栖息地景观格局的剧烈变化和环境质量的降低,改变了白头叶猴原始的生存环境,将会对白头叶猴的生存产生严重的影响.

Spatial temporal changes of habitat of Trachypithecus leucocephalus

Based on 3S technology, the MSS image in 1973 and the TM image in 1999 were used to study the characteristics of the spatial-temporal changes of the habitat, and approached the effects of the changes on Trachypithecus leucocephalus after the changes. The results indicated that the landscape pattern of the habitats used by T. leucocephalus changed dramatically within 26 years. The mean patches area and Contagion index decreased to 34.89% and 12.23% respectively, and Landscape diversity index, landscape shape index, edge density index, fragmentation index increased to 14. 15%, 31.08%, 36.39% , 64.17% respectively; the area of forest patches which are important to T. leucocephalus decreased to 18.50%, but the artificial landscape such as farmland and village greatly increased. The great changes of the landscape pattern and the depravation of the habitats would cause the harm to the survival of T. leucocephalus.