结合代谢组学和转录组学分析恶臭假单胞菌Y-9主动稳定胞内外pH的机制

【目的】揭示恶臭假单胞菌(Pseudomonas putida) Y-9在氨氧化过程中主动调节胞外和胞内pH稳态机制。【方法】在初始pH为7.19和9.40的硝化培养基中培养Y-9生长48 h,利用代谢组学对比分析Y-9氨氧化过程中的显著差异代谢产物并预测解离常数(pKa);结合转录组学对比分析Y-9氨氧化过程中的显著差异调控基因。【结果】Y-9在初始pH为7.19的相对酸性条件下,产生麦芽糖醇提高胞外pH;通过上调脱氨酶、脱亚胺酶和阳离子转运相关基因在相对酸性环境中的表达来维持细胞内pH稳定性。在初始pH为9.40的碱性条件下,产5-氨基戊酸3和草氨酸等有机酸及酸性物质降低胞外pH;通过调控NADH脱氢酶、细胞色素、ATP合酶和氨基酸转运相关基因的表达来维持细胞内酸度,应对碱性环境。【结论】本研究结果首先发现了Y-9具有稳定胞外pH的能力,探讨了其胞内pH稳态机制,拓展了对微生物与环境相互作用的认知,为进一步认识微生物脱氮过程中系统pH稳定机理提供了理论依据。

Research progress in the mechanisms of maintaining intracellular and extracellular pH homeostasis in microorganisms

Proper pH is crucial for the survival and functions of microorganisms, whether in the environment or within cells. Under acidic or alkaline stress, microorganisms have evolved diverse strategies, such as proton transport, production of acidic or alkaline substances, and cell membrane protection, to maintain intracellular pH homeostasis. Moreover, microorganisms have evolved the ability to actively change the extracellular pH. This article reviews the mechanisms by which microorganisms maintain intracellular pH homeostasis under acid or alkaline stress and alter extracellular pH. It aims to enhance our understanding of the interaction between microorganisms and the environment and provide a reference for further research on the synergistic mechanisms between microorganisms and the environment.