Iso-osmotic effect of NaCl and PEG on growth, cations and free proline accumulation in callus tissue of two indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes |
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Authors: | Muhammad Sajid Aqeel Ahmad Farrukh Javed and Muhammad Ashraf |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan |
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Abstract: | One-month old calli of two indica rice genotypes, i.e., Basmati-370 and Basmati-Kashmir were subjected to two iso-osmotic
concentrations (−0.57 MPa and −0.74 MPa) created with 50 and 100 mol m−3 NaCl or 10 and 18% solutions of PEG-8000. Both genotypes tolerated only low levels of stress and showed severe growth suppression
at −0.74 MPa. The degree of stress tolerance of both genotypes was greater for PEG induced stress than for NaCl induced stress.
The relative growth rate of callus was reduced under both stresses, however, the reverse was true for callus dry weight. Sodium
(Na+) content of the callus tissue was increased only under NaCl induced stress. Salt induced stress reduced K+ and Ca2+ contents, but the PEG induced stress increased them. Higher levels of stress increased the proline content many folds with
more increase being under PEG stress than that under NaCl. Water and osmotic potentials of the callus tissue decreased, whereas
turgor potential increased under both abiotic stresses. Overall, Basmati-370 was more tolerant to both NaCl and PEG induced
stresses than Basmati-Kashmir, because of less reduction in growth and more dry weight. Moreover, Basmati-370 accumulated
higher amounts of cations, free proline, and maintained maximum turgor as compared to Basmati-Kashmir. In conclusion, at cellular
level, mechanism of NaCl induced osmotic stress tolerance was found to be associated with more ionic accumulation of inorganic
solutes and that of PEG induced osmotic stress tolerance with the accumulation of free proline, as an important osmolyte in
the cytosol. |
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Keywords: | Indica basmati rice In vitro Iso-osmotic stresses NaCl PEG |
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