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Association between Soluble (Pro)Renin Receptor Concentration in Cord Blood and Small for Gestational Age Birth: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors:Noriyoshi Watanabe  Satoshi Morimoto  Takeo Fujiwara  Tomo Suzuki  Kosuke Taniguchi  Takashi Ando  Tadashi Kimura  Haruhiko Sago  Atsuhiro Ichihara
Affiliation:1. Department of Endocrinology and Hypertension, Tokyo Women''s Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.; 2. Department of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan.; 3. Department of Social Medicine, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan.; 4. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.; Baylor College of Medicine, United States of America,
Abstract:

Objective

The (pro)renin receptor [(P)RR] has been recognized as a multifunctional receptor. The purpose of this study was to assess the association between plasma soluble (P)RR [s(P)RR] concentration in human cord blood (i.e., neonatal blood at birth) and small for gestational age (SGA) birth.

Methods

Participants were women with a singleton pregnancy who delivered at the National Center for Child Health and Development between January 2010 and December 2011. Inclusion criteria were availability of maternal pre-pregnancy and paternal body mass index, and the absence of structural anomalies in neonates. s(P)RR concentration in cord blood was measured in 621 neonates. The 621 pairs of mothers and neonates were categorized into four groups based on quartiles of s(P)RR concentrations in cord blood. SGA was defined as a birth weight below the 10th percentile for gestational age. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between cord plasma s(P)RR concentration (quartiles) and incidence of SGA births.

Results

Among 621 neonates, 55 (8.9%) were diagnosed as SGA (SGA group) and 566 (91.1%) were not (non-SGA group). Average s(P)RR concentration in cord blood was 66.1±12.6 ng/ml (mean±standard deviation). There were 155 pairs in the first plasma s(P)RR concentration quartile (Q1: <58.2 ng/ml), 153 pairs in the second quartile (Q2: 58.2–65.1 ng/ml), 157 pairs in the third quartile (Q3: 65.1–73.1 ng/ml) and 156 pairs in the fourth quartile (Q4: >73.1 ng/ml). The distribution of SGA births was 18 (11.6%) in Q1, 14 (9.2%) in Q2, 16 (10.2%) in Q3 and 7 (4.5%) in Q4, respectively. The odds ratio of SGA births was 0.24 (95% confidence interval: 0.08–0.71) for the fourth quartile compared to the first quartile in multivariate models. The P-value for trend was also significant (P = 0.020).

Conclusion

High s(P)RR concentration is associated with a lower SGA birth likelihood.
Keywords:
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