AP-2 complex contributes to hyphal-tip-localization of a chitin synthase in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan;2. Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan;1. Laboratory of Emerging Fungal Pathogens, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Discipline of Cellular Biology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, 04023062, Brazil;2. Department of Medicine, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, 04023062, Brazil;3. Department of Medical Mycology, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584CT, Utrecht, the Netherlands;4. Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, the Netherlands;5. Laboratory of Medical Mycology, Jining No. 1 People''s Hospital, Jining, Shandong, People''s Republic of China;6. Infectious Diseases Postgraduate Program, Center for Research in Medical Mycology, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Espírito Santo, Brazil;7. Mycology Unit of the Infectious Diseases Hospital F.J. Muñiz, Reference Center of Mycology of Buenos Aires City, Buenos Aires, Argentina;8. Department of Veterinary Dermatology, Nihon University College of Bioresource Sciences, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan;9. Dermatology Service, Mycology Department, Hospital General de México, “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Mexico City, Mexico;1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil;2. Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil;1. Laboratório de Estudos Avançados de Microrganismos Emergentes e Resistentes (LEAMER), Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes (IMPG), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;2. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;1. College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi''an, 710119, China;2. River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan;3. Faculty of Regional Environment Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan;4. Life Science Research Center, Gifu University, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Filamentous fungi maintain hyphal growth to continually internalize membrane proteins related to cell wall synthesis, transporting them to the hyphal tips. Endocytosis mediates protein internalization via target recognition by the adaptor protein 2 complex (AP-2 complex). The AP-2 complex specifically promotes the internalization of proteins important for hyphal growth, and loss of AP-2 complex function results in abnormal hyphal growth. In this study, deletion mutants of the genes encoding the subunits of the AP-2 complex (α, β2, μ2, or σ2) in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans resulted in the formation of conidiophores with abnormal morphology, fewer conidia, and activated the cell wall integrity pathway. We also investigated the localization of ChsB, which plays pivotal roles in hyphal growth in A. nidulans, in the Δμ2 strain. Quantitative analysis suggested that the AP-2 complex is involved in ChsB internalization at subapical collar regions. The absence of the AP-2 complex reduced ChsB localization at the hyphal tips. Our findings suggest that the AP-2 complex contributes to cell wall integrity by properly localizing ChsB to the hyphal tips. |
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