糙皮侧耳不同生长时期发酵料中微生物和代谢物的变化

为了解糙皮侧耳栽培期间发酵料中的微生物及代谢产物变化,分别采用宏基因组测序、非靶向代谢组学技术对糙皮侧耳5个生长时期发酵料中微生物及代谢物进行分析。结果表明：糙皮侧耳生长发育过程中,发酵料中的Bacillus EGD-AK10、Cellulosinicrobium aquatile、Cellulosinicrobium cellulans、Cellulosinicrobium funkei、CellulosinicrobiumKWT-B、CellulosinicrobiumTH-20、Mycobacterium abscessus、Ochrobactrum intermedium 8种细菌的相对丰度与糙皮侧耳相对丰度呈显著正相关关系（P<0.01）,而Pseudoxanthomonas suwonensis和Thermobispora bispora与糙皮侧耳相对丰度呈显著负相关关系（P<0.05）。发酵料中微生物参与了发酵料的代谢,从而导致其中代谢物的变化。主成分分析（principal component analysis,PCA）结果表明,5组发酵料样品之间代谢物具有明显差异。采用正交偏最小二乘判别分析方法（orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis,OPLS-DA）从发酵料样品中共筛选和鉴定到100种差异代谢物,含量与糙皮侧耳相对丰度呈显著正相关的代谢物有36种,呈显著负相关的有19种,主要包括糖类、氨基酸、脂类和核苷酸。通过差异代谢物通路分析得到10条具有显著影响的代谢通路。与糙皮侧耳相对丰度呈显著正相关关系的8种细菌的相对丰度与上述36种代谢物的含量之间亦呈显著正相关关系（P<0.05）,意味着发酵料中的微生物、代谢物对糙皮侧耳的生长发育具有显著的影响。通过本研究将加深对细菌-真菌相互作用的了解,有利于食用菌产业的高质量发展。

The dynamics of microorganisms and metabolites in culture compost during the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus

Metagenomic sequencing and untargeted metabolomics techniques were employed to investigate the dynamic changes in microbial community structure and the metabolites in the culture composts at the five typical growth stages ofPleurotus ostreatus. The results showed that the relative abundance of the 8 bacterial species, Bacillus EGD-AK10,Cellulosinicrobium aquatile,Cellulosinicrobium cellulans,Cellulosinicrobium funkei,CellulosinicrobiumKWT-B,CellulosinicrobiumTH-20,Mycobacterium abscessusand Ochrobactrum intermedium, was significantly positively correlated to that of P.ostreatus(P<0.01), while relative abundance ofPseudoxanthomonas suwonensisand Thermobispora bisporawas significantly negatively correlated with that of P.ostreatus(P<0.05). Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that there were significant differences between the metabolomes of the composts in five growth stages. A total of 100 differential metabolites, mainly including sugars, amino acids, lipids and nucleotides, was screened and identified in the composts by using orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), of which 36 were significantly positively and 19 negatively correlated with the relative abundance ofP.ostreatus and involved in 10 distinct metabolic pathways. The relative abundances of the 8 bacterial species were significantly positively correlated to the content of the 36 metabolites (P<0.05). The results indicated that the bacteria inhabiting the composts and their metabolites were very benefit for the growth and development ofP.ostreatus, and the findings might increase our understanding of bacteria-mushroom interactions and promote the high-quality development of mushroom industry.