基于CLUE-S和InVEST模型的南四湖流域生态系统产水功能对土地利用变化的响应

土地利用/覆被变化对水文过程与水资源利用具有重要影响,是流域生态系统产水功能的驱动力之一.以山东省南四湖流域为研究对象,分析1990—2013年土地利用变化,运用CLUE-S模型预测未来土地利用变化趋势,并基于土地利用变化格局,采用InVEST模型的产水模块和空间制图探讨了近25年、未来城市化增长情景以及流域生态保护管理情景下土地利用变化对产水功能的影响.结果表明: 近25年来,随着南四湖流域城市化进程的加快,城市建设用地增加3.5%,耕地面积减少2.4%,城市用地的增加主要来源于耕地转换;InVEST模型模拟显示,城市建设用地的增加会促进产水,由此引起产水功能在过去25年中先降低后升高,2013年最高达到232.1 mm;CLUE-S模型模拟预测现状增长情景下土地利用变化,按照城市化快速发展的速度,城市建设用地将增加6.7%,由此导致2030年产水量显著增长,流域洪水风险亦会相应升高;湖区周围300 m缓冲区实施退耕还林情景模拟表明,这一生态措施会明显降低流域产水量,较2013年减少1.2%.

Response of water yield function of ecosystem to land use change in Nansi Lake Basin based on CLUE-S model and InVEST model .

Land use change has an important role in hydrological processes and utilization of water resources, and is the main driving force of water yield function of ecosystem. This paper analyzed the change of land use from 1990 to 2013 in Nansi Lake Basin, Shandong Province. The future land use in 2030 was also predicted and simulated by CLUE-S model. Based on land use scenarios, we analyzed the influence of land use change on ecosystem function of water yield in nearly 25 years through InVEST water yield model and spatial mapping. The results showed that the area of construction land increased by 3.5% in 2013 because of burgeoning urbanization process, but farmland area decreased by 2.4% which was conversed to construction land mostly. The simulated result of InVEST model suggested that water yield level of whole basin decreased firstly and increased subsequently during last 25 years and peaked at 232.1 mm in 2013. The construction land area would increase by 6.7% in 2030 based on the land use scenarios of fast urbanization, which would lead to a remarkable growth for water yield and risk of flowing flooding. However, the water yield level of whole basin would decrease by 1.2 % in 2013 if 300 meter-wide forest buffer strips around Nansi Lake were built up.