硫对土壤重金属形态转化及植物有效性的影响研究进展

生源要素硫在土壤中的化学循环不仅会直接影响土壤重金属元素的环境行为,也可通过调控植物根际微环境间接影响植物对重金属元素的吸收累积.土壤中的硫被植物根吸收后在植株中合成的有机硫化合物如植物螯合素(PCs)和金属硫蛋白(MTs)可与重金属形成毒性较低的络合物,构成植物重金属解毒的重要机制之一.我国部分土壤缺硫现象严重,为保证作物高质高产,硫肥的使用逐渐被重视,而硫与重金属的交互作用机制也逐渐成为研究热点.本文综合相关研究,介绍了硫在土壤中的生物化学转化,探讨了土壤硫的化学转化对土壤重金属形态转化及植物有效性的影响,并对今后硫在土壤重金属控制的应用提出展望.

Influence of sulfur on the speciation transformation and phyto-availability of heavy metals in soil: A review.

The biogeochemical cycle of sulfur can directly affect the speciation transformation of heavy metals in soils and their accumulation in plants. The toxicity of heavy metals in plants can be alleviated by their complexation with sulfur compounds like phytochelatins or metallothiones, consisting of the major mechanisms of phytodetoxification. Sulfur deficiency is becoming one of the limiting factors that influence Chinese agricultural production. Although the applications of sulfur fertil izer in soil have received much attention in recent years, the interaction mechanism of heavy metal with sulfur metabolism has not been studied extensively. In this paper, we reviewed current research advance on the impact of sulfur on the speciation transformation of soil heavy metals and their accumulation in plants, discussed the effect of sulfur on the detoxification mechanism of heavy metal in plants and provided further research prospective in this field.