中南地区农田有机物质与化肥投入量的区域差异

基于4省野外调查样点和农户调研数据,对中南4省(湖南、湖北、广东、广西)农田有机物质与化肥投入量以及农田氮、磷、钾收支状况进行研究.结果表明: 农田有机物质投入量大小为广西(8993 kg·hm^-2)>湖南(6390 kg·hm^-2)>湖北(5012 kg·hm^-2)>广东(4630 kg·hm^-2);平均化肥投入量为广西(777.5 kg·hm^-2)>湖南(501.6 kg·hm^-2)>湖北(486.4 kg·hm^-2)>广东(340.4 kg·hm^-2).4省农田氮和磷收支为氮磷盈余,其中广西农田氮盈余率(67.2%)、磷盈余率(99.0%)明显超过湖南(氮盈余率33.2%,磷盈余率50.8%)、湖北(氮盈余率11.8%,磷盈余率11.0%)以及广东(氮盈余率7.8%、磷盈余率30.0%).湖南、湖北、广东3省为钾亏缺,亏缺率分别为湖南6.6%、湖北18.7%、广东12.4%,而广西收支为钾盈余19.5%.

Regional differences of inputs of organic matter and chemical fertilizer in South Central China.

This article analyzed the inputs of organic matter and chemical fertilizer in the cropland of South Central China, i.e., Hunan, Hubei, Guangdong and Guangxi, and then calculated the budgets of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), based on the data from field investigations and peasant household surveys in the four provinces. The results showed that total amounts of organic matter inputs in the four provinces was ranked as follow: 8993 kg·hm^-2 in Guangxi, 6390 kg·hm^-2 in Hunan, 5012 kg·hm^-2 in Hubei, 4630 kg·hm^-2 in Guangdong, and average NPK inputs in the four provinces were ranked as follow: 777.5 kg·hm^-2 in Guangxi, 501.6 kg·hm^-2 in Hunan, 486.4 kg·hm^-2 in Hubei, 340.4 kg·hm^-2 in Guangdong. The N and P input surpluses were greatest in Guangxi (67.2% and 99.0% as for N and P, respectively), followed by Hunan (33.2% and 50.8%), Hubei (11.8% and 11.0%), and Guangdong (7.8% and 30.0%). However, K input was deficient in Hunan, Hubei, and Guangdong (6.6%, 18.7% and 12.4%), but surplus in Guangxi (19.5%).