氨基酸转运体在肿瘤代谢中的研究进展

代谢重编程是肿瘤的重要特征，是指肿瘤细胞为满足其快速增殖的生物合成与能量需求，对其糖代谢、脂代谢以及氨基酸代谢等代谢路径进行的重编程，以维持增长速度以及补偿能量代谢所造成的氧化还原压力。虽然不同的癌症代谢变化不同，但有些特征是所有癌症共有的，氨基酸代谢重编程是其中一个重要的特征。氨基酸进出细胞需要氨基酸转运体的协助，因而在肿瘤细胞中多种特定的氨基酸转运体均过表达。靶向氨基酸转运体通过影响肿瘤细胞的氨基酸代谢从而达到抗肿瘤的目的，是目前抗肿瘤药物的研究热点之一。主要介绍了几种在肿瘤代谢中发挥重要作用的氨基酸转运体以及靶向氨基酸转运体抗肿瘤治疗的研究进展及相关作用机制，旨在了解氨基酸转运体在抗肿瘤研究中的作用，以期促进靶向氨基酸转运体抗肿瘤药物的发展。

Research Progress of Amino Acid Transporters in Tumor Metabolism

Metabolic reprogramming is an important feature of tumors. It refers to the reprogramming of metabolic pathways such as carbohydrate metabolism， lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism by tumor cells to meet their rapid proliferation biosynthesis and energy requirements to maintain their growth rate and compensate for the redox stress caused by its energy metabolism. Although different cancers have different metabolic changes， some features are common to all cancers， and amino acid metabolism reprogramming is one of the important features. The transfer of amino acids into and out of cells require the assistance of amino acid transporters， so many specific amino acid transporters are overexpressed in tumor cells. Targeted amino acid transporter achieves the purpose of anti?tumor by affecting the amino acid metabolism of tumor cells， which is also one of the current research hotspots of anti?tumor drugs. This paper mainly introduced several amino acid transporter that play important roles in tumor metabolism and the research progress of anti?tumor therapy and related mechanism， so as to understand the function of amino acid transporters in anti?tumor research， and promote the development of targeted amino acid transporter antitumor drugs.