Genotoxicity of gliotoxin, a secondary metabolite of Aspergillus fumigatus, in a battery of short-term test systems |
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| Authors: | Susanna M Nieminen Jorma Mki-Paakkanen Maija-Riitta Hirvonen Marjut Roponen Atte von Wright |
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| Institution: | a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kuopio, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland;b Department of Environmental Health, National Public Health Institute, P.O. Box 95, 70701, Kuopio, Finland;c Institute of Applied Biotechnology, University of Kuopio, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland |
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| Abstract: | The genotoxic effects of gliotoxin, a known fungal secondary metabolite, were studied. Gliotoxin was purified from cultivation medium of Aspergillus fumigatus isolated from the indoor air of a moisture problem house. The genotoxicity of gliotoxin was assessed both in bacterial test systems including bacterial repair assay, Ames Salmonella assay and SOS-chromotest, and in mammalian cells using single cell gel (SCG) electrophoresis assay and sister-chromatid exchange (SCE) test. Gliotoxin was found to be genotoxic in the bacterial repair assay but, not in the Salmonella test or SOS-chromotest. A dose-related increase in DNA damage was observed in mouse RAW264.7 macrophages exposed to gliotoxin for 2 h in plain medium in the SCG assay. In contrast to the positive response in the SCG assay, gliotoxin did not induce any clear, dose-related increase in SCEs in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. |
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| Keywords: | Gliotoxin Aspergillus fumigatus Indoor air Genotoxicity |
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