慢性肾炎大鼠的肠道菌群变化

目的 探究阳离子化牛血清白蛋白（C-BSA）慢性肾炎大鼠肠道菌群结构变化并对其代谢功能进行预测。方法 20只SD大鼠分为正常组和模型组各10只，模型组参照Border造模方法尾静脉注射C-BSA造模，6周后测定24 h尿蛋白、血清肌酐和尿素氮水平。取大鼠结肠和肾脏观察病理切片。收集大鼠粪样运用MiSeq平台进行16S rRNA测序。结果 正常组与模型组大鼠24 h尿蛋白含量、血清肌酐和尿素氮差异均存在统计学意义（均P<0.01），模型组大鼠肾小球增大，毛细血管变窄，肠上皮损伤，发生炎性浸润。模型组大鼠普氏菌属、毛螺旋菌属相对丰度较高，且氨基酸代谢、维生素代谢和脂质代谢能力减弱。结论 C-BSA肾炎的发生不仅改变肠道菌群结构，而且影响机体代谢功能。

Intestinal flora changes in chronic kidney disease rats

Abstract: Objective To investigate the changes of intestinal flora in rats with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and predict its metabolic function. Methods Twenty SD rats were divided into control group or CKD group; the latter was given injection of C-BSA according to Border''s method. The 24-hour urine protein, serum creatinine and urea nitrogen were detected, and the pathological sections of intestine and kidney were observed at the end of the sixth week. 16S rRNA sequencing was performed on the collected faeces using MiSeq platform. Results There were significant differences in the 24-hour urine protein content, serum creatinine and urea nitrogen (all P<0.05). Enlarged glomeruli, narrowed capillaries, intestinal epithelial injury and inflammatory infiltration were observed in CKD rats. The relative abundances of Prevotella and Lachnospira in CKD group were higher, and the metabolisms of amino acids, vitamins and lipids of CKD rats reduced. Conclusion C-BSA nephritis not only changes the structure of intestinal flora but also affects the metabolism of rats.